Schmidt's and van der Walt's text is taken from their book Black Flame, which was published by AK Press in 2009. For the present edition of the Journal for the Critique of Science, third chapter was translated. The broad anarchist tradition was profoundly influenced by both Proudon and Marx, but did its best to eschew determinism, teleological views of history, economic reductionism, and functionalism. The key elements of an anarchist social analysis in the text have emerged in a schematic form. Anarchist analysis, in its most sophisticated form, centres on the notion that class is a principal feature of modern society and thus that class analysis must be key to understanding society. At the same time, it takes ideas, motives and actions seriously, and avoids monistic models of society. In rejecting economic determinism and stressing the importance of subjectivity, this analysis does not replace one form of determinism with another.