The paper deals with the conceptions of space in contemporary neuroscience, philosophy and the history of science. In the introduction, the author discusses a dispute between Albert Einstein and Henri Bergson in which, apart from the relationship between science and philosophy, the issue of the nature of space was addressed as well. Next, we examine the fundamental shift in scientific thought regarding questions that were beyond the capabilities of the experiment. The questions regarding the nature of space migrated to the realm of the philosophy of science and were no longer the subject of direct scientific discussion. The philosophy of science separated itself from science. The author also discusses Aristotle’s treatment of the continuum of space and the associated Zeno aporias, which have significantly influenced all subsequent theories of space. Modern neuroscientific research on the representations of space in the brain is covered in the article as well.
