The article is a translation of a speech given by Janet Biehl that explores two main topics: First, Biehl traces the political path of Murray Bookchin and the development of his idea of Social Ecology. She continues to describe the political path and the idea of democratic confederalism as developed by the founder of the PKK Abdullah Öcalan from the libertarian and anarchist writings of Murray Bookchin, where he found an alternative to the authoritarian and centralist nation state, not only in the Kurdish-inhabited provinces, but in Turkey at large. Biehl also explores divergences between the two concepts, which are probably the result of contradictions between ideology and practice.
